Hermannia johanssenii
Hermannia johanssenii N.E.Br.
Family: Malvaceae
Common names: Johanssen’s hermannia (Eng.); heuningbos (Afr.)
Introduction
A small woody shrub with alternate, lanceolate leaves that are covered with soft hairs and masses of small yellow flowers with five petals and a hairy calyx.
Description
Description
Low subshrub, growing up to 300 mm tall, many stemmed from a woody base. Leaf shape is somewhat rounded to broadly oblong or ovate-oblong, wider at the base, with a slightly uneven and wavy edge. The size is between 7 to 19 mm in length and 5 to 11 mm in width. The surface is somewhat covered with fine hairs in a scattered pattern, and there may be small gland-tipped hairs. The stem attaching the leaf to the plant (petiole) is 2 to 7 mm long, and for some lower leaves, it can be as long as 19 mm. Flowers 1 to 3, in leaf axils, all turned to one side (secund), and their petals are twisted. They are bright yellow, turning reddish as they age, and stick out a bit from underneath the light green, swollen, hairy calyx. The stamens are around 5 mm long and have thin, transparent filaments. The anthers overlap the filaments at the base and have small hair-like structures. The ovary is flattened and rounded, with 5 lobes, about 4 mm long and 5 mm in diameter. It is covered in dense, star-shaped hairs. The stem supporting the ovary is up to 1 mm long, and the styles are 4 mm long. The capsule is surrounded by the persistent calyx. Flowering is in winter and spring, from July to October.
Conservation Status
Status
Hermannia johansseni is not threatened, it is currently assessed as Least Concern (LC) in the Red List of South African plants.
Distribution and habitat
Distribution description
This species occurs in Western Mountain Karoo in the Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, from Calvinia to Sutherland to Laingsburg. They are commonly found on sandy flats, within clayey and shaly terrain, on dolerite ridges.
Derivation of name and historical aspects
History
The genus Hermannia is a botanical genus that includes 169 species of flowering plants. The genus is named in honour of Paul Hermann, a German botanist and physician who lived in the 17th century and made significant contributions to the field of botany, particularly through his work in India and Sri Lanka. This species is named after a Y. Johanssen who collected the type specimen in the Calvinia district.
Ecology
Ecology
Hermannia johanssenii blooms profusely, attracting the attention of bees and other insects, which pollinate the flowers as they feed on the nectar and pollen.
Uses
Use
Hermannia johanssenii is used to treat piles and it could be used as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks but is probably best for arid gardens or in containers.
Growing Hermannia johanssenii
Grow
Hermannia johanssenii thrives in bright sunlight and well-drained soil. It can be propagated through either seeds or cuttings, and it is best to plant it during the spring or autumn seasons.
References
- Charters, M.L. 2006–2016. The Eponym Dictionary of South African plants. Published online at http://www.calflora.net/southafrica/1Titlepage.html
- De Beer, J.J.J. & Van Wyk, B.-E. 2011. An ethnobotanical survey of the Agter–Hantam, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 77(3): 741-754.
- Helme, N. 2021-09-28. Observation of Hermannia johanssenii, Calvinia, Northern Cape. iNaturalist. Online. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/97535511.
- Plants of the World Online. Hermannia L. (Malvaceae). https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38725-1. Accessed 20/12/2023.
- Raimondo, D., Von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. & Manyama, P.A. (eds) 2009. Red list of South African plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
- Rebelo, T. 2012-09-09. Observation of Hermannia johanssenii, Tanqua Karoo National Park, Western Cape. iNaturalist. Online. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10826009.
- Riegel, F. 2015-09-17. Observation of Hermannia johanssenii, Nieuwoudtville, Northern Cape. iNaturalist. Online. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/38210183.
- Snijman, D.A. (ed.). 2013. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape Flora. Strelitzia 30. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
- Verdoorn, I.C. 1980. Revision of Hermannia subgenus Hermannia in southern Africa. Bothalia 13(1): 1–63.
- WFO Plant List. Hermannia johanssenii N.E.Br. https://wfoplantlist.org/plant-list/taxon/wfo-0001140972-2023-06?page=1. Accessed 20 Dec. 2023.
Credits
Nonkululeko Ntshangase
National Herbarium, Pretoria.
January 2024
Acknowledgements: images by Nick Helme, Tony Rebelo and Felix Riegel.
Plant Attributes:
Plant Type: Shrub
SA Distribution: Northern Cape, Western Cape
Soil type: Sandy, Loam
Flowering season: Spring, Winter
PH: Acid, Neutral
Flower colour: Yellow
Aspect: Full Sun
Gardening skill: Challenging
Rate this article
Article well written and informative
Rate this plant
Is this an interesting plant?
Login to add your Comment
Back to topNot registered yet? Click here to register.