Moss

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Fabronia pilifera Hornsch.

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Common names: hairy fabronia

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Syntrichia papillosa (Wilson) Jur.

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Common names: marble screw-moss

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Wardia hygrometrica Harv. & Hook.

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Common names: Ward's moss

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Trichostomum brachydontium Bruch

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Common names: Variable crisp-moss

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Xysmalobium undulatum (L.) Aiton f. var. undulatum

Family:

Common names: milk bush, milkwort, uzura, wild cotton, wave-leaved xysmalobium (Eng.); bitterhout, bitterwortel, bitterhoutwortel, melkbos (Afr.); leshokoa, poho-tšehla (Southern Sotho); iyeza elimhlophe, nwachaba, iShongwane (Xhosa); iShongwane, iShongwe, iShinga (Zulu)

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Sphagnum L.

Family:

Common names: peat moss, bog moss, turf moss

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Species

Sphagnum capense

Sphagnum consists of up to 350 species worldwide. Seven species occur in southern Africa:

Sphagnum capense Hornsch.

Occurs in Zimbabwe, Eastern and Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Free State, Limpopo and the East African islands. The leucocyst ornamentation distinguishes this species from the rest. Also, the stem leaf fibrils are regular and well developed.

Photo by N. Phephu

Sphagnum fimbriatum

Sphagnum fimbriatum Wilson
Presently known from Belfast in Mpumalanga. The species was possibly introduced from Europe during trout introduction in the streams of that area (Magill 1981).

Photo by Jan-Peter Frahm. Copyright permitted by author.

Sphagnum perichaetiale

Sphagnum perichaetiale Hampe
Known from the East African islands, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal, this robust species is characterised by the hyaline cell wall thickening (hyalodermis) on leucocysts and stem cortex.

Photo by N. Phephu

Sphagnum pycnocladulum

Sphagnum pycnocladulum Müll.Hal.
Known from the Western and Eastern Cape and eastern Africa. It resembles S. capense but the two can be separated by differences in the number of branches in the fascicles, leaf size and the shape of the fibrils in the leucocysts.

Photo by N. Phephu

Sphagnum strictum subsp. pappeanum

Sphagnum strictum Sull. subsp. pappeanum (Müll.Hal.) A.Eddy
Occurs in the East African islands, Swaziland, Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga. The difference between the southern African subsp. pappeanum and the typical northern subspecies is found in the leaves and chlorocysts.

Photo by N. Phephu

Sphagnum truncatum

Sphagnum truncatum Hornsch.
Endemic to southern Africa and grows in the Eastern and Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and all the northern provinces of southern Africa. This species is characterised by large branch leaves and a single-layered hyalodermis.

Photo by N. Phephu

Sphagnum violascens Müll.Hal.
Found on damp soil or rocks in the East African islands, in Zimbabwe as well as Limpopo and the Western Cape. The plant is characterised by its striking, vivid pink colour.

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Polytrichum commune Hedw.

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Common names: common hair cap moss

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Haplocladium angustifolium (Hampe & Muell.Hal.) Broth.

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Common names: Narrow-leaved small-feathered moss

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Funaria hygrometrica Hedw

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Common names: Common cord-moss, little goldilocks, golden maidenhair

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Bryum argenteum Hedw.

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Common names: silver moss, silvery threads moss

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