Moteetee A, & Kose, L.S. 2016. Medicinal plants used in Lesotho for treatment of reproductive and post-reproductive problems. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 194: 827–849.
Scabiosa L.
Family:
Common names: scabious, scabiosa, pincushion
Species

Scabiosa africana L.
Cape scabious, pincushion (Eng.). koringblom (Afr.)
Herbaceous perennial, flowering stems erect, leafy at the base, ±1 m high. Leaves radical, simple, shortly connate, oblanceolate, 40–90(–150)× (35–55) mm, soft textured, pubescent, irregularly toothed; upper cauline leaves reduced, undivided or lyrate to pinnatisect, with three or more lobes per side, terminal lobe lanceolate. Capitula up to 50 mm wide, flowers lavender blue, pale mauve, purple.
Flowering time: winter, spring and early summer (July to November).
Occurs on sheltered sandstone slopes of the Cape Peninsula in the Western Cape, growing in well-drained loam or sandy or rocky soils.

Scabiosa columbaria L.
perennial scabiosa, wild scabious (Eng.); bitterbos, bitterwortel (Afr.), tlhako-ea-pitsi, selomi, mamokhale, moholungoane (South Sotho); isilawu esikhulu, iyeza lamehlo, makgha (isiXhosa); ibheka (isiZulu)
Herbaceous perennial, flowering stems erect, leafy at the base, 0.15–1.2 m high. Leaves radical, simple, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, 50–170 × 20–45 mm, glabrous or pubescent, entire or deeply lobed; upper cauline leaves reduced, entire, pinnate or pinnatipartite. Capitula up to 35 mm wide, flowers white, pink.
Flowering time: spring and summer (August to February).
Occurring on open grasslands and mountain slope of Europe, Asia, eastern and southern Africa, in well-drained loam or sandy or rocky soils.

Scabiosa incisa Mill.
coast scabious (Eng.), koringblommetjie (Afr.), isilawu esikhulu, iyeza lamehlo (isiXhosa)
Herbaceous perennial, flowering stems erect, leafy at the base, 0.43 m high. Leaves radical, lyrate-pinnatisect to bipinnatisect, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, 50–70 × 10–15 mm, pubescent, deeply lobed; upper cauline leaves reduced, otherwise similar. Capitula up to 30 mm wide, flowers white or pink.
Flowering time: spring and early summer (September to November).
Occurring along the coastal sands, from Bokbaai to Makhanda (Grahamstown), frequent in limestone.
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Kniphofia northiae Baker
Family:
Common names: broad-leaved poker, Marianne North’s poker, giant red-hot poker, octopus torch (Eng.); icacane, umathunga (isiZulu.); leloele (Sesotho)
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