Dalbergia melanoxylon is traditionally used to treat diarrhoea, headache, bronchitis and colds, rheumatism, prevent miscarriage, treat gonorrhoea, stomachache and abdominal pain, to clean wounds, relieve pain in joints and to treat inflammation in mouth and throat.

African Blackwood is heavy, dense, very hard and very durable, and one of the most valuable timbers in Africa. Its black heartwood has been highly prized since ancient times and used for carving and to make artefacts. It is particularly in demand for making wind-instruments and parts of violins. The sapwood is yellowish white, and makes an eye-catching contrast with the black heartwood. It is sold in small volumes, but at high prices. In South Africa, the timber is used to manufacture musical instruments, fine furniture, walking sticks and knife handles. The wood is also used as a fuel and to make charcoal.

The leaves and pods provide good mulch and the roots of these trees may improve the soil by nitrogen fixation. They can be used to prevent soil erosion because of its extensive root system. Trees provide shelter and make useful windbreaks and live fences.